Effects of fifteen PBDE metabolites, DE71, DE79 and TBBPA on steroidogenesis in the H295R cell line

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are brominated flame retardants that are produced in large quantities and are commonly used in construction materials, textiles, and as polymers in electronic equipment. Environmental and human levels of PBDEs have been increasing in the past 30 years, but the toxicity of PBDEs is not fully understood. Studies on their effects are relatively limited, and show that PBDEs are neurotoxins and potential endocrine disrupters. Hydroxylated (OH) and methoxylated (MeO) PBDEs have also been reported in the adipose tissue, blood and milk of wild animals and humans. In the present study, 15 PBDE metabolites, two BDE mixtures (DE71 and DE79), and TBBPA were studied individually to determine their effects on ten steroidogenic genes, aromatase activity, and concentrations of two steroid hormones (testosterone and 17beta-estradiol) in the H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line. Exposure to 0.05 microM 2'-OH-BDE-68 significantly induced the expression of CYP11A, CYP11B2, CYP17, CYP21, 3betaHSD2, 17betaHSD1, and 17betaHSD4, and the expression of StAR was induced by 6-OH-BDE-90 at the three exposure concentrations. Exposure to DE71 and DE79 resulted in dose-dependent trend towards induction, but these effects were not significant. Exposure to 0.5 microM 2-OH-BDE-123 and 2-MeO-BDE-123 resulted in significantly greater aromatase activity. However, none of the compounds affected sex hormone production at the concentrations tested. Generally, OH-BDEs had a much stronger ability to affect steroidogenic gene expression than MeO-BDEs.     

浙江江山化工股份有限公司污水站一期调试运行

通过对浙江江山化工股份有限公司污水站一期工程3个多月的调试,证明复合厌氧反应器(HAR) 多段好氧工艺处理高浓度有机废水是切实可行的.新型HAR污水站常温下100 d左右可以顺利启动,在进水量675 m3/d、平均容积负荷(以COD计)2.72 kg/(m3·d)条件下,平均COD去除率为35.47%,平均有机胺转化率为39.50%.启动后组合系统COD去除率可达90%以上,出水达到<污水综合排放标准>三级标准.化学沉淀去除NH3-N是出水顺利达标和好氧池稳定、高效运行的关键.尽可能控制并减少磷酸盐等加药量,以防止剩余磷的二次污染.     

CPD在火电厂SCR系统流场优化中的应用研究

利用Fluent软件,对广西某电厂2×600MW超超临界机组烟气脱硝SCR系统内烟气流场及NH3与NOx的混合情况进行了数值模拟计算.     

Isolation and characterization of a heavy metal-resistant Burkholderia sp. from heavy metal-contaminated paddy field soil and its potential in promoting plant growth and heavy metal accumulation in metal-polluted soil

A heavy metal-resistant bacterial strain was isolated from heavy metal-contaminated soils and identified as Burkholderia sp. J62 based on the 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The heavy metal- and antibiotic resistance, heavy metal solubilization of the isolate were investigated. The isolate was also evaluated for promoting plant growth and Pb and Cd uptakes of the plants from heavy metal-contaminated soils in pot experiments. The isolate was found to exhibit different multiple heavy metal and antibiotic resistance characteristics. Atomic absorption spectrometer analysis showed increased bacterial solubilization of lead and cadmium in solution culture and in soils. The isolate produced indole acetic acid, siderophore and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. The isolate also solubilized inorganic phosphate. Inoculation with the isolate was found to significantly (p < 0.05) increase the biomass of maize and tomato plants. Increase in tissue Pb and Cd contents varied from 38% to 192% and from 5% to 191% in inoculated plants growing in heavy metal-contaminated soils compared to the uninoculated control, respectively. These results show that heavy metal-solubilizing and plant growth promoting bacteria are important for plant growth and heavy metal uptake which may provide a new microbial enhanced-phytoremediation of metal-polluted soils.     

论安全文化在安全监督中的应用

本文从铁路行业的特点出发，探讨和分析了我国安全生产管理体制中的群众监督的现状，研究了安全文化在安全生产群众监督（筒称安全监督）中的作用及其显著效果，指出了在铁路行业推行安全文化的深远意义和作用。     

SCR装置对焦炉煤气燃烧废气中PCDD/Fs、PCBs和PCNs的协同脱除

研究了某大型焦化厂的选择性催化还原(SCR)装置对焦炉煤气燃烧废气中典型非故意产生持久性有机污染物(UPPOPs)的脱除效果,对SCR装置入口和出口废气和SCR装置降尘中二英(PCDD/Fs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和多氯萘(PCNs)的全部异构体进行了分析.结果表明,SCR装置对总PCDD/Fs的脱除效率最高,为94.6%,对总PCBs和总PCNs的脱除率分别为74.7%和78.4%.SCR装置入口和出口废气中UP-POPs同系物的分布模式明显不同,入口处以高氯取代为主,出口处以低氯取代为主.SCR装置对高氯取代UP-POPs有更好的脱除效果.催化还原和催化氧化降解同时发生是SCR装置脱除废气中UP-POPs的重要机制.     

铅大气污染物环境保护标准限值研究

铅因其对公众健康的影响,其大气污染物标准限值的合理性倍受关注.论文对比分析了国内外铅大气污染物环境质量与排放标准,通过计算提出基于保护环境空气质量的排放标准理论限值及建议限值.分析发现,目前国际上铅环境空气质量标准浓度限值为0.00015～0.0015 mg·m~(-3),但多采用世界卫生组织(WHO)的年均浓度限值0.0005 mg·m~(-3);建议我国今后修订标准时对铅年均浓度和季均浓度限值进一步加严.与发达国家相比,我国铅环境空气质量季均浓度限值水平已显落后;国际上目前各类排放源铅大气污染物排放浓度限值在0.04～2 mg·m~(-3)之间,金属冶炼源等主要源的排放浓度限值在1～2 mg·m~(-3),其他排放源均在0.5 mg·m~(-3)以下;我国铅、锌熔炼源正在执行的排放浓度限值(8 mg·m~(-3))较为宽松,而其他源的铅大气排放浓度限值与国际上的限值基本一致.通过计算认为,保护公众健康的铅大气污染物的理论排放限值为1.2～2.4 mg·m~(-3).考虑到我国的经济技术水平,建议铅、锌熔炼源的铅大气污染物新建企业排放浓度限值为2 mg·m~(-3);其他源的新建企业排放浓度建议限值为0.5 mg·m~(-3).经过过渡期,现有企业应达到新建企业的排放控制要求.铅的企业边界浓度排放限值是保护企业边界附近公众健康的有效屏障,但鉴于铅的污染特性,对于具体建设项目应加强环评力度,提出更具体明确的排放控制要求,并加强对企业周边环境敏感点的环境监测等,采取综合措施保护公众健康.     

缙云山不同林分下土壤有机碳及矿化特征

土壤有机碳库是陆地最大的有机碳储存库,其微弱的变化就能影响大气CO2浓度的显著变化,其中森林土壤碳库约占全球土壤碳库的70%,因此如何实现森林生态系统土壤有机碳库的高效管理成为目前的研究热点.本研究以缙云山5种典型林分:阔叶林、针叶林、针阔叶混交林、竹林及研究区内弃耕15 a的荒草地(对照土壤)为对象,采用矿化培养实验,分析了不同林分的土壤在不同土层(0～20、20～40、40～60、60～100 cm)中的有机碳矿化特征.结果表明,林分类型、培养时长和土层深度均对土壤有机碳矿化速率有显著影响.不同林分土壤有机碳矿化速率均随着土层加深而降低,其中0～20 cm土层的矿化速率[11. 97～25. 12 mg·(kg·d)-1]均显著高于其他土层(P 0. 05),其他土层间矿化速率[4. 79～6. 51mg·(kg·d)-1]无显著性差异. 5种林分的土壤有机碳累积矿化量均随着土层加深而降低,0～20 cm土层中竹林和阔叶林土壤有机碳累积矿化量最高,分别为177. 66 mg·kg~(-1)和120. 38 mg·kg~(-1),随着土层加深在60～100 cm土层中,针叶林累计矿化量最高达到了46. 96 mg·kg~(-1).双库一级动力学方程可以较好地拟合缙云山不同林分下土壤有机碳矿化过程,不同林分下土壤易分解有机碳含量均随土层加深而降低,针叶林土壤矿化能力较强,对难分解有机碳库的利用程度较高,而竹林和阔叶林土壤微生物活性较高,可以有效促进碳循环,提高土壤固碳能力.     

电絮凝-气浮法去除水中聚乙烯颗粒研究

近年来,在世界各地水体中不断发现微塑料,人们对其潜在环境、健康风险表示担忧.当前,对微塑料去除的方法也逐渐展开研究.该实验采用电絮凝-气浮法对水中粒径为60～100μm聚乙烯(PE)颗粒进行去除,分别考察了电极组合、电流强度、电解质浓度、溶液初始pH值对聚乙烯颗粒去除效果影响.结果 表明,以铝为阳极、铁为阴极的电极组合最优.较高的电解质浓度和碱性条件会降低聚乙烯颗粒的去除效果.以铝为阳极、铁为阴极,极板间距为1 cm,电流密度为4mA/cm2,电解质浓度为2.5 mmol/L,溶液初始pH值为7时,电解25 min后,聚乙烯颗粒的去除率为97.43％.